Tuesday, February 19, 2013

GOP Identity Crisis – Part 1: Demographics

This is the 1st of a 3-part series examining the identity crisis of the GOP.  This first part deals with the demographic changes the GOP faces.  The 2nd part will deal with the implications of the party’s current platform and its various factions.  The 3rd part will be about what I think the GOP will do, what it should do, and what that means for the future of conservative politics.
 
Mitt Romney lost the 2012 election to President Obama by over 5 million votes.  He lost the Electoral College by a vote of 332-206.  The Republicans failed to win the White House.  In addition to Romney’s poor performance, a series of blunders in down-ticket races resulted in net losses in seats for the Republicans in the Senate, which they had hoped to re-take, and in the House of Representatives, which they still control.  Still, the message was clear, Republicans lost.

President Obama won nearly every constituency: women (55%), African Americans (93%), Hispanics (71%), Asians (73%), Catholics (51%), Jewish (69%), Under 40 (58%), Urban (64%), LGBT (76%).  The only constituencies Obama really lost were Whites (39%), Protestants (43%), and those who live in small towns (42%) and rural areas (37%).  When the crazy liberal pundits call the Republican Party a party of “old, white men,” they’re not necessarily wrong.  The demographics breakdown of the 2012 election seems to give truth to that accusation.

Herein lays the 1st Challenge for Republicans: The Demographics of the Nation are changing, and the Republican Party hasn’t kept up with that change.

Republicans have several problems here.  First, after the election, the media made a great spectacle about how there are now more women and more minorities in Congress than ever.  However, that diversity is VERY lopsided, and not in the Republican Party’s favor.
 
In the House, of the 81 women serving in that chamber, 61 of them are Democrats and only 20 are Republicans.  Of the 42 African Americans serving in the House, 41 of them are Democrats and only 1 is a Republican.  Of the 28 Hispanics serving in the House, 23 of them are Democrats and only 5 are Republicans.  Of the 12 Asian Americans serving in the House, all of them are Democrats.  Same goes for the 6 LGBT members of the House.

The situation is a little different in the Senate, since the chamber is DOMINATED by white people, with only 6 minorities equally split between Republicans and Democrats.  However, of the 20 women serving in the Senate, 16 of them are Democrats and only 4 of them are Republicans.  Also, the sole LGBT member of the Senate, Sen. Tammy Baldwin, is a Democrat.

Representation matters.  People like to see folks who look like themselves representing their interests in Washington.  They want to see folks like themselves discussing the politics of the day on Face the Nation.  The Democrats have a deep bench of diverse voices to promote their party’s agenda.  The Republicans have been working Sens. Marco Rubio (R-FL), Ted Cruz (R-TX), and Kelly Ayotte (R-NH) like crazy!  You need more than a token “colored” and a token woman in order to display diversity.

Second, the Republicans have been constantly losing the so-called “youth vote” for decades.  Up until 2004, it didn’t matter much.  However, election results are showing an uptick in the number of voters under the age of 25 showing up at the polls.  In the 2012 election, voters under 25 made up 11% of total votes cast – a higher percentage than any time in the past 40 years and 1 point higher than 2008’s historic election. 

In 2008, the Obama campaign and the Democratic Party utilized technology and social media at unprecedented levels as far as politics are concerned.  They interacted with young voters via Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube.  Their strategists understood that, in order to engage younger voters, you have to go to where they are.

The Republicans’ foray into social media has been anemic, at best.  To be fair, the GOP is very effective at engaging its base on all platforms – including social media.  Where they have faltered, and the Democrats have excelled, has been in engaging new voters.  Strategists on the Right had almost systematically dismissed the youth vote as undependable.  The resources required to court them wouldn't be worth it because ultimately – it was believed – they wouldn't show up on Election Day.  That assumption is no longer the case, and the GOP needs to realize that.

Third, the Hispanic Vote has doubled in 3 presidential election cycles, and in the last 2 the Republicans lost it by a 2-1 margin or greater.  Hispanics now represent 12% of the electorate, and by 2040 are expected to make up 28% of the electorate.  Without a better showing among Hispanics, Republicans cannot win.

The demographic shifts are most prominent in the southern states, with huge increases in the Hispanic population in Arizona, Texas, Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, and South Carolina.  I’m talking about legal residents and citizens, who can vote.  If the demographics keep shifting, states like Texas – which hasn't voted for a Democratic President since Jimmy Carter – could switch from Red to Blue by 2020.

Highlighting Sens. Rubio and Cruz is a smart move by the GOP, but it is hardly enough, and it has some negatives.  Both Rubio and Cruz are of Cuban descent, and Cuban Americans’ concerns and priorities aren't always in step with other Hispanic groups.  Also, with Cruz, some conservatives aren’t happy with his Canadian upbringing.  The GOP has a few others outside of Washington, like Gov. Suzanna Martinez of New Mexico, to help.

Overall, the Republican Party has a race problem.  Of 45 Republican Senators, only 3 of them are people of color.  Of 232 members of the House of Representatives, only 6 of them are people of color.  That is not good.  From a purely demographic standpoint, that is really not good.

The demographics of Congress have never matched the demographics of the country overall, but the Democrats have made a lot of progress in this area whereas the Republicans have remained a party of white men.  Women and minorities in Congress who identify as Democrats outnumber those who identify as Republicans by more than 4 to 1. 

If Republicans want to win, things need to change.

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